Pengaruh Sistem Keuangan terhadap Tingkat Korupsi

Baru tahu ada dua macam sistem penggantian di Indo :)

KORUPSI

Minimalkan dengan Sistem "At Cost"

Jakarta, Kompas - Untuk meminimalkan korupsi perjalanan dinas, Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi menerapkan sistem at cost. Sistem tersebut membuat pengeluaran perjalanan dinas lebih hemat, efisien, dan transparan karena ada bukti-bukti pembayaran transportasi dan akomodasi.

"Ada standar biaya khusus di instansi lainnya, tetapi KPK menggunakan sistem at cost," kata Kepala Biro Perencanaan dan Keuangan Sekjen KPK R Bimo Gunung Abdul Kadir, pada acara Forum Antikorupsi Indonesia Ke-3 di Jakarta, Senin (30/7).

At cost adalah sistem pembiayaan yang dibayarkan sesuai bukti riil yang dikeluarkan. Sisi positif sistem ini antara lain lebih hemat, efisien, dan transparan. Sisi negatifnya, ada potensi gangguan pada cash flow (aliran uang) persediaan, dan proses pemeriksaan pertanggungjawaban membutuhkan waktu lebih banyak.

Direktur Jenderal Anggaran Kementerian Keuangan Herry Purnomo mengatakan, pemerintah telah menerapkan sistem at cost. Dengan sistem ini, penggantian biaya perjalanan dinas sesuai bukti-bukti riil, seperti tiket pesawat dan boarding pass, serta kuitansi pembayaran hotel. "Saat pemerintah menerapkan sistem at cost, kasus korupsi berkurang," katanya.

Biaya perkara

Meskipun pemerintah telah menerapkan sistem at cost, Wakil Jaksa Agung Darmono mengatakan, anggaran penanganan perkara di Kejaksaan Agung masih menggunakan sistem lump sum. "Diharapkan ada pemenuhan anggaran riil sesuai kasus masing-masing. Yang sering terjadi, anggaran untuk lima perkara misalnya, bisa digunakan untuk menangani 10 perkara dengan sistem subsidi silang," ujarnya.

Ia memaparkan, biaya penanganan perkara tindak pidana tahun 2012 sebesar Rp 115 juta per kasus untuk tingkat nasional, dan Rp 95 juta per kasus untuk tingkat provinsi. Dana itu digunakan untuk penyelidikan, penyidikan, prapenuntutan, penuntutan, hingga eksekusi.

"Kesulitan kami adalah keterbatasan anggaran. Keberadaan pengadilan tipikor yang hanya ada di provinsi menyebabkan kami harus mengeluarkan biaya untuk menghadirkan tersangka ke provinsi," katanya.

Hal itu juga terjadi di KPK yang biaya penindakannya lebih tinggi dibanding kepolisian dan kejaksaan. Menurut Bimo, hal itu terjadi karena KPK harus melakukan penindakan di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. (lok)

Sumber: Kompas, 31 Juli 2012

On being industrious & putting off gratification

...as a nation. 

Why China & India are catching up to form what the Economist dubbed "Contest of the Century" and the U.S. is not even in Top 10 of Newsweek's the world's 100 best countries.  (EJ)

OP-ED COLUMNIST

We're No. 1(1)!

By THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN

NYTimes, September 11, 2010

I want to share a couple of articles I recently came across that, I believe, speak to the core of what ails America today but is too little discussed. The first was in Newsweek under the ironic headline "We're No. 11!" The piece, by Michael Hirsh, went on to say: "Has the United States lost its oomph as a superpower? Even President Obama isn't immune from the gloom. 'Americans won't settle for No. 2!' Obama shouted at one political rally in early August. How about No. 11? That's where the U.S.A. ranks in Newsweek's list of the 100 best countries in the world, not even in the top 10."

Fred R. Conrad/The New York Times

Thomas L. Friedman

Go to Columnist Page »

The second piece, which could have been called "Why We're No. 11," was by the Washington Post economics columnist Robert Samuelson. Why, he asked, have we spent so much money on school reform in America and have so little to show for it in terms of scalable solutions that produce better student test scores? Maybe, he answered, it is not just because of bad teachers, weak principals or selfish unions.

"The larger cause of failure is almost unmentionable: shrunken student motivation," wrote Samuelson. "Students, after all, have to do the work. If they aren't motivated, even capable teachers may fail. Motivation comes from many sources: curiosity and ambition; parental expectations; the desire to get into a 'good' college; inspiring or intimidating teachers; peer pressure. The unstated assumption of much school 'reform' is that if students aren't motivated, it's mainly the fault of schools and teachers." Wrong, he said. "Motivation is weak because more students (of all races and economic classes, let it be added) don't like school, don't work hard and don't do well. In a 2008 survey of public high school teachers, 21 percent judged student absenteeism a serious problem; 29 percent cited 'student apathy.' "

There is a lot to Samuelson's point — and it is a microcosm of a larger problem we have not faced honestly as we have dug out of this recession: We had a values breakdown — a national epidemic of get-rich-quickism and something-for-nothingism. Wall Street may have been dealing the dope, but our lawmakers encouraged it. And far too many of us were happy to buy the dot-com and subprime crack for quick prosperity highs.

Ask yourself: What made our Greatest Generation great? First, the problems they faced were huge, merciless and inescapable: the Depression, Nazism and Soviet Communism. Second, the Greatest Generation's leaders were never afraid to ask Americans to sacrifice. Third, that generation was ready to sacrifice, and pull together, for the good of the country. And fourth, because they were ready to do hard things, they earned global leadership the only way you can, by saying: "Follow me."

Contrast that with the Baby Boomer Generation. Our big problems are unfolding incrementally — the decline in U.S. education, competitiveness and infrastructure, as well as oil addiction and climate change. Our generation's leaders never dare utter the word "sacrifice." All solutions must be painless. Which drug would you like? A stimulus from Democrats or a tax cut from Republicans? A national energy policy? Too hard. For a decade we sent our best minds not to make computer chips in Silicon Valley but to make poker chips on Wall Street, while telling ourselves we could have the American dream — a home — without saving and investing, for nothing down and nothing to pay for two years. Our leadership message to the world (except for our brave soldiers): "After you."

So much of today's debate between the two parties, notes David Rothkopf, a Carnegie Endowment visiting scholar, "is about assigning blame rather than assuming responsibility. It's a contest to see who can give away more at precisely the time they should be asking more of the American people."

Rothkopf and I agreed that we would get excited about U.S. politics when our national debate is between Democrats and Republicans who start by acknowledging that we can't cut deficits without both tax increases and spending cuts — and then debate which ones and when — who acknowledge that we can't compete unless we demand more of our students — and then debate longer school days versus school years — who acknowledge that bad parents who don't read to their kids and do indulge them with video games are as responsible for poor test scores as bad teachers — and debate what to do about that.

Who will tell the people? China and India have been catching up to America not only via cheap labor and currencies. They are catching us because they now have free markets like we do, education like we do, access to capital and technology like we do, but, most importantly, values like our Greatest Generation had. That is, a willingness to postpone gratification, invest for the future, work harder than the next guy and hold their kids to the highest expectations.

In a flat world where everyone has access to everything, values matter more than ever. Right now the Hindus and Confucians have more Protestant ethics than we do, and as long as that is the case we'll be No. 11!

A version of this op-ed appeared in print on September 12, 2010, on page WK11 of the New York edition.

Indonesia’s Loss, the World Bank’s Gain

It might be that only a Divine intervention has made this "solution" possible... way, way beyond our limited sphere of thoughts. This is in spite of us having to let go of someone with this calibre & courage. Surely, such character will bring about a lot more use (and become a blessing) to the greater people out there stamping out poverty in three huge regional parts of the world.  (EJ) 

Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati to be World Bank's managing director (EPA Photo)

Editorial: Indonesia's Loss, the World Bank's Gain

5-May-2010  Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati's appointment as managing director of the World Bank is Indonesia's loss and the World Bank's gain. A fearless reformer and highly respected economist, Sri Mulyani has been a central member of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's cabinet for the past five years.

She has been largely responsible for putting in place the macro-economic fundamentals that have allowed Indonesia to outperform other regional economies in recent years. Under her stewardship, Indonesia was one of only a handful of countries that registered positive growth during the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009.

More importantly the outlook for the Indonesian economy looks extremely positive, which is one reason why the Indonesian stock market and the rupiah performed so well in the first quarter of 2010. With her new appointment, there will be concerns about whether her successor can manage the ship just as expertly.

But perhaps Sri Mulyani's lasting legacy will be her courage to take on an entrenched bureaucracy within the Ministry of Finance by introducing sweeping reforms. She bravely closed down the customs department to stop widespread corruption in the nation's ports, a move that earned her respect and derision in equal measure.

Just this week, she has vowed to go after tax officials and major tax dodgers in another attempt to sweep the Directorate of Taxation clean after recent high profile corruption cases involving the department. In this regard, her successor will have huge shoes to fill and it remains to be seen whether he or she will posses the same iron will as the outgoing minister.

But given her fraught relationship with the House of Representatives over the Bank Century scandal, perhaps her appointment is the best face saving outcome for all sides: politicians, the president and Sri Mulyani herself. Her appointment to the second most senior job at the World Bank will definitely lift Indonesia's reputation on the global stage but her drive, intelligence and courage will be missed at home.

http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/editorial-indonesias-loss-the-world-banks-gain/373207

What does Business Intelligence do?

Making best use of business intelligence to stay ahead of competition. / EJ

Business benefits from user-friendly Intelligence, SAP

Zatni Arbi ,  Contributor ,  Jakarta   |  Mon, 11/16/2009 2:34 PM  |  Sci-Tech

The word "intelligence" often gives us butterflies in our stomach, as the British say. Each time we hear the word, we think of the CIA, the KGB, Mossad and even our own Badan Intelijen National (BIN). Those agencies consist of highly trained, high IQ people for whom death is just an ordinary affair. We had better not mess up with any of them.

But, whether we like it or not, the word "intelligence" has for several years invaded the business world as well. That is why we have applications and tools that we call Business Intelligence (BI). What do they do?

First, remember the age-long concept called Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), which automates transaction processes. When a customer places an order, for example, a chain of reactions takes place. The finance department will check the person's credit line to see whether their order can be accepted or if they have to settle a previous debt first. Sales will check whether the goods wanted are readily available and, if not, production will have to manufacture them. Production will also have to be able to tell everyone how long it will take until the goods are ready for shipment.

After ERP, people started to think, "Now that transactions are taken care of, why don't we capture all the transaction data and create a huge data warehouse?" That is when Data Warehousing came into the picture. Credit card issuers, for example, keep track of every single purchase we make.

Then they use the information for various purposes, including cross-selling. If you have a fetish for buying branded bags, for example, they will make a note of it and send you catalogs of luxury bags from other brands - and perhaps the shoes to match.

However, data and information are not limited to what the Data Warehouse can supply. What about what is going on in the market? What about changing customer behavior? Which bottled tea sells most in East Java, for example? Which model of car sells most in Central Kalimantan? For strategic decision-making, such external data is also as important as internal transactional data.

External data can be purchased. That is what independent research firms like Bloomberg and Nielsen do. They capture data, clean it and verify it, and then sell it to businesses at premium prices. Research firms also customize their data based on the needs of their customers. "To collect external data, people have also been using data crawlers, a robot-like program that crawls through the web and go after the data it has been programmed to find," said Singgih Wandojo, Operations Director, SAP Indonesia, during a recent lunch with a small group of IT reporters.

Certainly, having mountains of data will only defeat the purpose. Businesses require powerful analytical tools to extract the relevant data and to make sense of it. Such tools are known collectively as Business Intelligence, or BI. "Banks, financing institutions and telco operators are the top users of BI solutions," said Singgih.

Three to four of the biggest BI players in Indonesia are IBM with its Cognos, Oracle with its Hyperion, SAP with its BusinessObjects and SAS - the company that, during my student days, used to be known for their very advanced statistical software.

BusinessObjects used to be the name of a company founded by John Schwartz. When it had a market value of US$1.5 billion, $8 billion SAP acquired it, which clearly indicates how SAP needed great BI tools to complete its business software portfolio. Schwartz joined SAP in 2008.

But, when the analysis is done, there is still another horrendous task: How do users get to the extracted data they want without depending too much on their IT division? SAP has SAP BusinessObjects Explorer. Hasso Plattner, the company's co-founder, has a lot of influence on its development. Although he has retired, he still challenges his mind with software and application development. He even suggested that the data be placed in the memory for faster processing.

BusinessObjects Explorer can perhaps be described as an interface that casual users can easily customize to suit their individual requirements. "The emphasis in the Explorer is the ease-of-use," said Singgih. Eddy Then, business development manager, SAP Indonesia, added that the Explorer has been designed to be as familiar as Google. Eddy gave us a demonstration of the Explorer during the lunch briefing.

So, if you want to know how well pretzels were selling in Germany in the second quarter of 2008, for example, you can enter the keyword "food" and keep drilling down by selecting the relevant items until you get to pretzel. As the accompanying screenshot shows, you can also see the data in chart forms.

Do all BI products have the same power? Goenawan Loekito from Oracle Indonesia does not really agree. "Oracle's Hyperion has stronger analytical tools," he told me over the phone. But he admits that combining Hyperion with BusinessObjects Explorer will be like adding caramel to your pretzel.

Nonetheless, no matter how easy it is to use BI with the help to great software like BusinessObjects Explorer, the reality in the business world remains the same. Ignore intelligence, and you will be swallowed by your rival. That is why, in the uncertain business environment we find ourselves today, it is critical to have an easy to use BI solution.

Sumber: Jakarta Post, 16 Nov 09

Arah suku bunga 6 bulan & 2 tahun ke depan

Prediksi:

...bakal naik 3x lagi @ 0.25% dalam 6 bulan ke depan...

and a further 2% for the next 2 yrs...

Salam suku bunga, 

E-Jay & Associates

游文源

Why Glenn Stevens is the best in the world

By David and Libby Koch

News Limited newspapers

October 12, 2009 12:00am

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RESERVE Bank Governor Glenn Stevens is regarded as one of the world's best (if not THE best) central bank bosses and last week he proved it.

No one likes interest rate increases but he had to lift rates last week or risk leaving it too late and potentially having to increase them a lot higher down the track.

Just have a look at what's happening around you. The residential property market is starting to overheat, consumers are still spending, unemployment will peak around the 6% mark rather than the expected 8% and company profit outlooks are rosier.

It's the property boom which would be of most concern to the RBA and the area which needs to be dampened quickly.

While the rest of the world economy is still struggling, the global financial crisis is officially over for Australia even though it turned out to be a lot wimpier than the pessimists expected.

Admittedly the Reserve Bank was a little slow to pick the economic downturn and shouldn't have passed on the last rate hike in March 2008, but they admitted their mistake quickly and decisively slashed rates soon after to levels not seen for 50 years.

Related Coverage

• Extraordinary times for RBACourier Mail, 7 Oct 2009
• Interest rates will rise againThe Australian, 30 Sep 2009
• Confidence returns to home sales in JuneNEWS.com.au, 11 Sep 2009
• Early rate rise a worryThe Australian, 28 Aug 2009
• House prices are unlikely to crashNEWS.com.au, 17 Aug 2009

Your Say

Funny article, Glenn Stevens best in the world.... Kochy your jokes are as bad as ever.. Unemployment has NOT peaked !. ...

(Read More)

John Hawke

It was that decisive action, plus the surpluses of the Coalition and the good economic management of the current Government, which have generally insulated us from the worst of the global crisis.

But you need to keep all these measures in perspective and relate them back to where we are in the economic cycle.

Remember economies move in cycles. Every boom ends in a bust and every downturn eventually starts to improve.

The key is timing the cycle.

Australia's official interest rates were slashed to a historically low 3 per cent because everyone thought the global economy was headed down the toilet with many forecasting a Depression. That cut was a Depression-fighting level and it worked.

A "normal" official interest rate level for a "normal" Australian economy is seen to be around 5-6% and that's where we'll eventually get back to in two years or so.

Because our economy didn't go in to Depression and has started to bounce back, the Reserve Bank has to start readjusting rates toward those normal levels.

Last week's 0.25 percentage point rate rise will probably be followed by three more similar rises over the next six months.

That will take official rates back to 4 per cent which is still way below "normal"' level, which means the Reserve Bank is hedging its bets against a big economic calamity overseas.

If that calamity doesn't happen then expect official rates to move up more quickly towards that 5-6 per cent mark.

That's the type of scenario you should be planning on over the next couple of years.

Mortgage rates could rise significantly and if you haven't got your debt levels under control then you're going to find it pretty tough.

Think of a car bogged in sand. You stick some wood under the wheels for traction (that's the Government's stimulus package), you then rev it up and step on the gas (cut interest rates) but when you're on solid ground you have to ease the accelerator (lift interest rates) or the car gets out of control and may crash.

The same with an economy.

If you need convincing, just look at the residential property market.

Houses which have been on the market for the last 18 months in our area have all sold in the last three weeks and I'm getting the same story from friends and Sunrise viewers in all the major capital cities.

A relative of ours sold their house to the first person who saw it and we sold a little investment unit in our superannuation fund on the first weekend it was open for inspection. Crazy stuff.

One of the main reasons our economy didn't plunge to the depths of the US and Europe was that our property values held up because of a lack of stock. US house prices dropped on average 25-30 per cent and it was the same, if not a little worse, in the UK.

By comparison with the rest of the world our residential property prices are very high.

They stagnated during the financial crisis rather than crashed. The last boom simply took a breather and is off again.

That worries us because there was really no major correction to speak of and the bigger the boom, the bigger the bust when it eventually comes.

Sumber: News, 12 October 09